Allama Muhammad Iqbal (9 November 1877 – 21 April 1938) was a philosopher, poet, and politician who is considered one of the most important figures in the development of modern Islam. He is best known for his Urdu poetry, which is often infused with Islamic themes and symbolism.

Iqbal was born in Sialkot, Punjab, British India (now in Pakistan). He studied at Government College University, Lahore, and then went on to study law at Lincoln's Inn in London. After returning to India, he worked as a lawyer for a few years before becoming a professor of philosophy at Government College University.

Iqbal began writing poetry at a young age, and his first collection of poems, Asrar-e-Khudi (Secrets of the Self), was published in 1915. He went on to publish several more collections of poetry, as well as several books on philosophy and religion.

Iqbal's poetry is known for its lyrical beauty, its use of complex wordplay, and its focus on themes of Islamic spirituality, nationalism, and social justice. He was a master of the Urdu ghazal, and his poems often use nature imagery to express his emotions. He was also a prolific writer of nazms, or free-verse poems.

Iqbal's poetry has been translated into several languages, and he is considered one of the greatest Urdu poets of all time. He is also considered one of the most important figures in the development of modern Islam. His poetry has inspired many Muslims around the world, and it has been used as a rallying cry for political and social change.

Iqbal died in Lahore, India, in 1938. He was 60 years old. His tomb is a popular tourist destination, and his poetry continues to be read and admired by people all over the world.

Some of his most famous works include:

• Ghazals: "Shikwa", "Jawab-e-Shikwa", "Tarana-e-Hindi"
• Nazms: "Bal-e-Jibril", "Zameen-o-Aasmaan", "Mera Naam Hai Muhammad"
• Books: The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, The Secrets of the Self, The Development of Metaphysics in Persia

Iqbal was a complex and contradictory figure. He was a master of both the Persian and Urdu languages, and he was also a devout Muslim. He was a nationalist, but he was also a socialist. He was a philosopher, but he was also a poet.

Iqbal's poetry reflects his complex personality. It is both beautiful and challenging, both traditional and modern. It is a testament to the power of poetry to capture the human experience in all its richness and complexity.